Traveling has always been a pleasure to me. I relish the experience of being a part of a new place. I traveled through the length and breadth of India during my college - making trips on student-discount sleeper class train tickets from Mumbai to Kolkata and from Jammu to Chennai. The sight of sunrise and sunset over large fields from the train coaches is simply mesmerizing. In addition, you get to speak with people from varied backgrounds so much so that the trip eventually becomes a learning experience. On my trips, I have met retired army men, engineers in railways, bureaucrats from delhi, small businessmen from Gujarat, and caring families, who make the trip a nice heart warming affair.

My long trips ended with college as I started working soon thereafter. The pressures and pulls of the job hardly give any time to plan vacations with friends. The only way to ‘vacation’ are official trips. In college, I was pretty fascinated when I used to hear that a particular senior of mine had gone on such a trip. These trips were mostly outside India especially in US, thus, giving a lot of exposure to their benefactor. In addition, I viewed them as the recognition of talent of the employee by the employer who is giving the employee a chance to interact with client. As soon as I saw photographs and status messages of seniors who were recently back from such official trips outside India I used to pester them to tell me about their experiences by bombarding them with questions on orkut and chat sessions.

Not surprisingly, I agreed to go on a small official visit to Europe as soon as it was offered to me. It was my first trip outside India. The fact that it was to Europe made it all the more special as I loved the beauty of that part of the world as seen from bollywood films. The reality started sinking only after my visa application got approved and I was scheduled to fly that very week. I started thinking about the vast expanse of human existence. I realized that the same human beings occupy parts of the world from california to sydney and from russia to zimbabwe. It was a sweet recognition of the fact that all of us are the same individuals separated by historic migration. After all, we were of the same size, had the same desires and looked the same- the different was only skin deep. (Interested in human migration can refer to these two webages - a Wiki and National Geographic project).

I were to visit Sweden, Denmark, Germany and France giving me a chance to observe a large part of the developed Europe. Travelling through four countries in 10 days gave me a chance to look at them as a whole. I was in a position where I would be forming impressions on each of the countries in quick successions and amalgamating them to form a larger picture.

My first steps on foreign soil were in Amsterdam where I had stopover for a connecting flight. The first thing that I noticed was empty airport terminals and the ‘excessive’ infrastructure. I couldnt help comparing it with India - How can a small country boast of such amazing infrastructure whereas in India we are grappling with the basic amenities? I pondered over various theories that could justify and concluded it was a combination of small population and a colonial past. These countries have accessed cheap labour and raw materials by fighting wars and signing treaties. Although, I was in Europe but strangely the feeling of being in a foreign country wasn’t sinking in. Since, I had a connecting flight in 3 hours I didnt have time to step out of the airport. The airport terminal was new and swanky. It was constructed using modern architecture which relied heavily on glass and steel. It almost felt like being in a mall in New Delhi (a la City Select Saket). This got corrected when I visited Stockholm. It was beautiful and traditional - cobbled streets, statues, canals.

Over the entire trip one of the most interesting observations was that everyone in the world have similar aspirations. No matter how many people I talked to most of them aspired for similar things as we did in India. Everyone wanted to own a house, buy a great car, peace in life and world and, do ’something exceptional’.

I also observed that overall the regions within Europe do not have much difference with each other which was radically different of what you would observe in South Asia. In each country you have a different cuisine and language, but the difference ceases there. You cannot fail to realise that the environment is predictable and everything is similar if not the same. One of the in your face observation is that most people there drive black cars and wear black dresses. Even when you go in malls you find only plain colours. Here on my travels in India, I would see the culture, dialect, the type of clothes, the colour of clothes changing every 60 kilometres or so. As soon as you enter punjab, haryana, or rajasthan you see varied multitude of colours. In other words, the change in much more intense and abrupt in India as compared to Europe.

You actually feel freedom in Europe. I think it is the best place in the world. You are free to do anything unless you are not harming anyone. Such freedom was something new to me as in India we are typically free under restrictions. The threat of terrorism has already bled much of the freedom and there are now many ideologues which propound stretched theories to curb more freedom. For me it was the best experience… I didn’t feel the same exhilaration even on climbing eiffel tower.

Culturally, the two parts of the world are strinkingly different. It does’nt make any sense to draw any comparison between the two, but the fact is that they are very different from each other and that the integration of the two is very difficult. Some of things that are anathema to us are pretty normal there whereas some of our things would seem illogical to those. The need is to respect cultures individually and not to compare. I think that this generation of ours would face the challenge of living in multiple cultures and belonging to none. This would be a bit lonely generation.

Finally, the respect for law and human rights. You really have to see it and observe how it changes country. Infact, I think I should add this as the third point to answer the creation of such wealth in Europe.

Concerns

The disillusionment with century old management practices is resulting in a change in the socio-spiritual behaviour. Mutual trust is in short supply. No longer, people stick to a single job. The individualistic behaviour is superseding the collective behaviour- the feeling of brotherhood. The bogey of competition is used to justify unfair and unethical practices.

It must be realised that increasingly offices are replacing society and friends as support system. Individuals nowadays, spend close to 14 hours in office on average. These long and stressful hours in office hardly allow scope for engaging in social causes or give time to discover self. (Did Mumbai stop even for a second after the blasts?). Office and company are now the social prism in which individuals now earn their credibility. The work and the office culture give meaning to people. The organisations must realise this fact and make it sure that they change and trust individuals. They must allow them to grow and realise themselves. They must allow equality of opinion and pay them equitably.

Otherwise they stand to lose the battle for talent.

I came across an interesting book on organisation behaviour which was trying to prove that although we have advanced in technology and in social and political behaviour, our management practices have not changed much over the last 100 years or so.

Perspective

We still work in a pyramid type hierarchial organisations. No matter how much the world is going flat, our organisational hierarchies aren’t. The advance of technology has allowed the world to come close to each other, but the gap between the top executive and the workers hasn’t reduced. It doesn’t even matter that the world has rejected dictatorship and authoritative regimes enmasse, democracy is still seen as a threat in ‘modern’ organisations.

The orders still flow from top to bottom and everyone has to comply. All decisions regarding strategy and management are percolated down the ladder, without involving people who will execute the strategy. Moreover, there is hardly any reverse feedback. The workers still work in assembly line mode and perform specific task mechanically without trying to understanding the ‘why’. This is probably from the time of Henry Ford. An important aspect of the pyramid structure is that the employees are not considered worthy of trust and are treated as resources - dispensable after use.

The system holds on
Although, most of us do not work in a manufacturing unit, still, we can relate to it. We the ‘knowledge workers’ are working under similar if not the same managerial controls. We are required to do only a certain kind of task repeatedly. It doesn’t matter whether we have engineering and management degrees with us. We are still not treated as responsible adults - the bags are frisked before you leave office.

You are expected to do only a specific kind of task mechanically without questioning the company policy. You need to take permissions for every additional thing you intend to do. You are to file a report for the time you spend in the office. You are expected to come at a certain time and cannot modify your schedule as per your convenience or the way you think it would be best to execute the project. The results are a second priority control is the first.

I believe bureaucracy and dictatorship are hallmarks of the pyramid system where someone else decides for you. I think, in such a system, employees often work under fear and intimidation of the bosses rather than out of a sense of fulfillment of the job.

To cite an instance, at my earlier job, there was an internal academy to train the workforce to meet project requirements. Every aspect of the academy was micro-managed by the corporate executive and every program was decided on behalf of employees. I, being a fresher, found the atmosphere repulsing as I saw the managers treating all the employees as small kids rather than adults. It was like going back from college to kindergarten again. You even needed to ask permissions to drink water! and had all these security cameras all over your head to monitor your mischievous activities.

At one of the town hall meetings (large meetings where employees talk to bosses) I had the naivety of questioning the Vice President of the multi billion dollar company on why don’t we give more freedom to employees, allow them to at least learn whatever they want in an academy, and take up roles that is based on their interest in the organisation. I got that you-prove-it-you-are-a-kiddie look and an answer that the money company spends on employees is to achieve its end goal (read profit) and everyone has to work in a mission mode. In other words, company has a lease on your soul since it employs you. I disagreed and resigned soon after as i didn’t find the job fulfilling. I realised that the same behaviour transcends most organisations.

To be continued………

Akshardham Temple is, according to my judgement , one of the best landmarks of modern India. The megastructure located at the banks of Yamuna river near Noida(Delhi, India), is a blend of indian architecture and modern technology.
The temple has been built to spread the message and teachings of Bhagwan Swami Narayan and create awareness about the glorious Indian heritage.

The architecture and the land scaping have been done deliciously in characteristic Indian Style. I have heard that the super structure of the temple does not include steel. The massive structure stands on columns and pillars made of stone only.

On entering the temple you cannot stop admiring the beautiful sculptures carved on walls, roofs, pillars and gates and the lush green gardens. The cool wind, calm atmosphere and beautiful surroundings together form a serene environment. As the evening descends, the sculpture lights up and the view is simply breath taking.

Apart from propogating the teachings of the diety of the temple, the complex houses a garden of leadership, musical fountain and an amazing techno museum.

You actually travel across 10,000 years of Indian Heritage and Culture in a boat that takes you through the golden period of Indian Civilisation to the most recent times. I have never experienced history in this manner. The garden of leadership gives you a chance to meet with the great leaders from all the time and understand about them through the audio documentaries that play as soon as you approach the pedestal of the statues.

A must visit. An amazing place.

I am torn between writing a blog regularly and writing a diary. I am unable to convince myself of the merit of maintaining a private chain of thoughts on the internet and allowing anonymous servers a sneak peek into my life. At another level, I feel a blog encourages narcissism. What is it that I will achieve?

At best, a blog can be used to comment on recent topics and there are always numerous views floating around already. Plus, you never get to sustain interest in a single topic.

Considering these facts, I don’t get a satisfactory answer to why millions of blogs are being published online.

However, I must concede that blogs help human beings in their most important task - of advancing themselves through constant learning and fostering intellect growth. Blogs help to reach you a wider audience and access multitude of brains that you could never ever dream of. Thus, you get a variety of reactions to what you think and you get to communicate with multiple stakeholders. This helps you in advancing your learning and also helps you get a broader vision. This solely justifies the effort you put in the blog. But then what will happen to my diary? The romanticism of opening your diary and browsing through the offwhite delicate pages has its nostalgia associated with it. All the people who write a diary must be able to associate with this.

But then, again, nostalgia and emotions are comforting but not as purposeful, fruitful, and essential as learning.

Let us give it a shot. Let us see the merits. Let us learn. Together.

Its above leadership and creation of jobs. Its about a state of mind rather its about a choice.

Choice of thinking in a particular way, asking why not instead of why and then following it to completion.

What we witness today is a mad rush of companies from all over the world setting up organised formats- retail, health care, cars etal-in India. The action so far has been concentrated in areas where there are large gaps in the infrastructure or areas where there has been lots of wastage in the supply chain. Investments required to plug the gaps and to reduce wastage has been high but the returns have been equally rewarding.

These formats have been able to provide an assurance of better quality, at a cheaper rate along with a pleasurable experience. The result: Consumers have welcomed it with open wallets creating a win win situation for everyone- the producer, the marketer, the consumer, and the government.

The unorganised sector because of its nature is unable to match the service and assurance of the organised format. Its competitive capabilities are further stunted by the presence of a large number of subsidiaries between the consumer and the producer.

Looking around-from the shops where you buy groceries and vegetables to the shops where you buy books and computers-every sector in India is deliciously unorganized. Thus, in every sector that we look around, there can be a chance to bypass the bypass the inefficient system and create a single tier system in the market- i.e. there is a single entity between the consumer and the producer.

But, the fact that runs against our assertions is that the unorganised sector is still very strong in most of the pockets of India. The the two biggest reasons that come to my mind for the strong hold of the sector are:
Its ability to serve the needs of different stratas of consumers (big, medium and small)
Its accessibility at the last mile
Another reason that is equally important is the ability of the format to provide a human touch- a sort of customised personal experience.
Another very important reason for the thriving unorganised sector is the tax saving, and pirac that is possible in such formats.

The question is it whether it is really possible to jump from unorganised to the organised sector in all cases? If not, when does it make sense?

I liked the article Leadership calls, at Durban and Bhopal statecraft written by Harish Khare, published in Hindu on 26 September 2007.

The article is wonderfully crafted and is able to bring out clearly the attitude, quality and essence of leadership that is required to propel forward teams, countries and societies. The article contrasts and compares the meeting of the national executive of the BJP with the winning of the Indian Cricket team against Australia at Durban in the ICC World Twenty 20 tournament focusing on the styles of leadership. I do not subscribe to some of the views about politics and disinclination of youth towards socialistic policies and freedom struggle expressed by the author in the article, but I did very much like the point he has brought forward and beautifully discussed about the attitudes of leadership.

I am providing some experts from the article here which I have directly taken from it. You can access the entire article here.

Background

The paragraphs have been extracted from the article Leadership calls, at Durban and Bhopal statecraft written by Harish Khare, published in Hindu on 26 September 2007.

We are rising up at a rate of 9 pc GDP on a year on year basis and are eyeing a growth rate of 10 pc in near future. This indeed is great and one doesn’t require statistics to prove it. For sample answer the following questions: How many house holds could afford multiple cars in 1992.What choices did consumers have at the same time even for a tooth paste? Could you have afforded making an ISD call at that time leave alone the prospect of affording a cell phone? Thanks to the liberalized economic policies and the growth of services sector in developing countries that the prices of all the items are coming down.

a) Because of the cheap labour arbitrage, technology worldwide is becoming more affordable and is thus being leveraged
b) The jobs in service sector are providing the economy a lot of spending power, since every job in IT/BPO industry generates six other jobs.
This has resulted in a huge consumer boom and thus more money in the economy.

Now since we have reached here we have to worry that whether this growth is sustainable? What would happen If the costs of labour would increase here in India ten years down the line. Is the model of cost arbitrage that is fuelling the services sector in India sustainable in the long run? If we study history of nations we can conclude that most nations have been powered by technology. Name any Country that comes to your mind as a super power and you will instantly link its growth with path breaking technology discovered in those countries that helped them capitalize markets due to increasing productivity. The growth story of India is however different, it is about cheap labour. Is it sustainable?

I am optimistic about the intellectual capital of Indians. However, the worrisome thing is that we are not seeing any high value research from our institutions and also even that would have been okay, if we keep in mind the infrastructure available and the absence of an atmosphere that facilitates and encourages risk taking, if the students in the various premier colleges of the country were at least making an effort to contribute to doing good fundamental work. The rise of services sector has made India a backend office of the world. Is there any high end technology company run by Indians? Is there any company that is bringing its global R&D facilities here? It is the support R&D that is done here.

The quantum of salaries being dished out today are huge as compared to what our parents’ generation are earning and has resulted in complacency among students who believe that the ticket to social mobility is securing a decent job. All of campuses you see people working to improve their programming skills which they know will surely land them a good job and are neglecting other core subjects and thus not only inhibiting their own growth but also the sustainability of their present status.

I am throwing the question to the house: What should be done?

Are Ethics in business relevant?

Why do we follow ethics?

What is the scope of Ethics?(Meaning: Is it correct to follow ethics even if it is detrimental to the purpose that we have set out to achieve.

If we take example of Nehru (who I believe wanted India to rise), correct in trying to pursue ethical leadership in world where in the end, there was a war in China which led Henry Kissinger to remark that “Idealists should not be in Politics”

or

If we take an example of Corporate environment where in the event of cut throat competition if by some unforeseen one time reason a company performs lower than expectations and then decides not to make the losses public(as it fears that it might lose customers) and declares “met expectations” result. Is the company CEO (whose job is to give better results to stake holders in the organizations namely shareholders, customers, employees) in the wrong because he did some concealing; or is he right because he knows what caused the aberration and fixes it and decides to avoid making it public to get new customers and thus giving better results to all the stake holders. Let us assume that the competition is very tough.

Also, does it make a difference what other companies have done in the same scenario?

This is one topic that I think is fundamental in running an enterprise and I have never been able to find a satisfactory answer to these questions.